Fri Jul 05 2024

114 articles - From Friday Jun 28 2024 to Friday Jul 05 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

ACG Clinical Guideline: Focal Liver Lesions.

Malignancy is important to consider in the differential diagnosis of FLLs, and healthcare providers must be familiar with the diagnosis and management of FLLs. This American College of Gastroenterology practice guideline uses the best evidence available to make diagnosis and management recommendations for the most common FLLs.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Development of American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy standards for training in advanced endoscopy within dedicated advanced endoscopy fellowship programs.

This consensus process using validated methodology established standards for an AEFP in an effort to ensure adequate training in the most commonly taught interventional endoscopic procedures (ERCP, EUS, EMR, and luminal stent placement) during fellowship. An important component of an AEFP is the use of competency-based assessments that are compliant with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's Next Accreditation System, with the goal of ensuring that trainees achieve specific milestones in their progression to achieving cognitive and technical competency.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Endosc Int Open

Pure cut vs. Endocut in endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

The available data in the literature show that Endocut carries an increased risk for PEP and does not prevent delayed or clinically significant bleeding, although it prevents intraprocedural bleeding. Based on such findings, Pure cut should be the preferred electric current mode for biliary sphincterotomy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Endoscopy

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Barrett's Associated Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Published Literature.

ESD and EMR both can be employed to treat BEN depending on the lesion type, size, and expertise.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Tunneled or Pocket Creation Method versus Conventional Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Lesions - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

T/PCM-ESD facilitates faster and safer gastric ESD than conventional ESD with comparable en bloc resection, R0 resection, and recurrence rates. A future randomized controlled control trial is required.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Incidence and predictors of major gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on aspirin, low-dose rivaroxaban, or the combination: Secondary analysis of the COMPASS randomised controlled trial.

We established incidences and identified risk factors for GIB in users of low-dose DOACs. Novel risk factors included current or former smoking and diverticulosis. Future studies should aim to validate these risk factors.

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Need for therapeutic escalation in patients with refractory ulcerative proctitis: Results from the PROCU study of the ENEIDA registry.

Among patients with refractory UP, 11% required immunosuppressant therapy, and 4.2% required at least one biologic agent.

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Review article: Functional constipation: Pathophysiology, evaluation and management.

Treatment approach to paediatric FC should be individualised and integrated focusing on parental education, lifestyle and behavioural modifications, and pharmacological therapy to maximise therapeutic success. This review highlights advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of FC in children.

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Testing in functional constipation-What's new and what works.

The goal of these studies is to identify treatable causes of constipation. Most of these studies are designed to evaluate anatomy, transit and/or colon/rectum motility function and are primarily indicated in those who fail to respond to conventional therapy.

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Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease.

We found an association between lower risk of IBD-related surgery and GLP-1RA use for T2DM in patients with UC or CD.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Comparison of digitally-delivered gut-directed hypnotherapy program to an active control for irritable bowel syndrome.

A digitally-delivered GDH Program provided to patients with IBS was superior to the active control, with greater improvement in both gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life and provides an equitable alternative to face-to-face behavioural strategies.

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Development and validation of a tool for assessing adherence to gluten free diet in patients with Celiac disease (Celiac Disease: Compliance Assessment Test; CD-CAT).

CD-CAT is a new and rapid tool for monitoring dietary adherence to GFD with high sensitivity and specificity which can be administered by both physicians and dietitians.

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Dupilumab Improves Health-Related Quality of Life and a Range of Symptoms in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Dupilumab reduced the impact of EoE on multiple aspects of HRQoL, patients' impression of dysphagia, and frequency and severity of symptoms beyond dysphagia in adults/adolescents with EoE.

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Liver cancer risk across metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and/or alcohol: a nationwide study.

HCC risk increased from MASLD, MetALD to ALD in a stepwise manner, compared to non-MASLD. For an effective primary prevention of HCC, a comprehensive approach should be required to modify both metabolic dysfunction and alcohol intake habit.

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Endosc Int Open

Assessment of colonoscopy skill using machine learning to measure quality: Proof-of-concept and initial validation.

An interactive AI assessment of colonoscopy skill can automatically assess quality. We propose that this tool can be utilized to rapidly identify and train providers in need of remediation.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy: Risk factors and cost-effectiveness of real-time viewing.

Modern devices make incomplete SBCE rare, usually not tied to prolonged GTT. In a low-incidence scenario, widespread RTV use brings high costs and uncertain effectiveness.

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Prognostic impact of deprivation on esophagogastroduodenoscopy outcome.

infection, and 12-fold more severe esophagitis, and more advanced cancer stage.

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Quality of endoscopic surveillance of Lynch syndrome patients in a Swedish cohort.

Adenoma detection was associated with older age and male sex. The results indicate the need for better adherence to guidelines and attention to older age groups, men, and patients with obesity.

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Endoscopy

Detection of colorectal cancer and advanced neoplasia during first surveillance interval after detection of adenomas in fecal immunochemical test cancer screening: a nationwide study.

CRC detection was lower among participants rated at higher risk at initial CRC screening. Findings at first screen-derived colonoscopy might not be as good a predictor of CRC risk in a FIT-positive screening population.

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EUS-guided entero-colostomy with Lumen Apposing Metal Stent as a rescue treatment for malignant intestinal occlusion: a multicentre study.

EUS-EC is a feasible technique and could be considered as a possible alternative to standard approaches for MIO in highly selected patients.

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Polyp size is associated with colorectal cancer death across histologic polyp subtypes: a retrospective study of a screening colonoscopy registry.

Across al histologic types, participants with polyps ≥10 mm had at least a two-fold increase in the likelihood of PCCRC death compared with those with polyps <10 mm. These data suggest that size, rather than histologic subtype, should be a determinant for risk stratification after screening colonoscopy.

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Gastroenterology

Fazirsiran for Adults with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Liver Disease: A Phase 2 Placebo Controlled Trial (SEQUOIA).

Fazirsiran reduced serum and liver concentrations of Z-AAT in a dose dependent manner and reduced hepatic globule burden (NCT03945292).

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Gastrointest Endosc

Appropriate trust in artificial intelligence for the optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps: The role of human/artificial intelligence interaction.

Appropriate trust was common and CADx prediction utilization was highest for the optional CADx without confidence scores. These results express the importance of a better understanding of human-AI interaction.

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Risk of stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection in the cervical esophagus and efficacy of local steroid injection for stricture prevention.

Patients who underwent ≥ ½ circumferential resection were at high risk of cervical esophageal stricture. Steroid injection had a stricture-prevention effect in patients with < ¾ and ≥ ½ circumferential resection, but seemed to be insufficient in preventing stricture in patients with ≥ ¾ circumferential resection.

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TEMPORARY REMOVAL: Quality indicators common to all GI endoscopic procedures.

A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at

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Gut

Cold versus hot snare endoscopic mucosal resection for large (≥15 mm) flat non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: a randomised controlled trial.

Compared with H-EMR, C-EMR for flat, adenomatous LNPCPs, demonstrates superior safety with equivalent technical success. However, endoscopic recurrence is significantly greater for cold snare resection and is currently a limitation of the technique.

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Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans.

By understanding the crosstalk between this behavioural alteration and gut microbiota, these findings constitute a step forward to future treatments for food addiction and related eating disorders.

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Integrated metagenomic and metabolomic analysis reveals distinctive stage-specific gut-microbiome-derived metabolites in intracranial aneurysms.

Our investigation highlights the potential of gut-microbiome-derived tryptophan metabolites as biomarkers for distinguishing RIA from UIA patients. The findings suggest a novel pathogenic role for gut-microbiome-derived IS in elastin degradation in the IA wall leading to the rupture of IA.

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Multiple indicators of gut dysbiosis predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality in solid organ transplant recipients.

Gut dysbiosis is consistently associated with mortality in SOTR. Our results support the observations that gut dysbiosis is associated with long-term survival. Since our data do not allow us to infer causality, more preclinical research is needed to understand mechanisms before we can determine whether gut microbiome-directed therapies may be designed to improve long-term outcomes.

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Pancreatic STAT5 activation promotes KrasG12D-induced and inflammation-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic cancer.

Collectively, our findings identified pancreatic STAT5 activation as a key downstream effector of oncogenic KRAS signalling that is critical for ADM initiation and PDAC progression, highlighting its potential therapeutic vulnerability.

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Hepatology

A novel phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic liver injury and metabolic diseases.

In conclusion, we synthesized and demonstrated that MDL3, a novel PDE4B and PDE5A inhibitor, presents a promising avenue of exploration for treating CLD.

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Alcohol-associated liver disease and public health policies.

In this narrative review, we will review major US national as well as worldwide alcohol related public health policies with a particular focus on describing how such policies have influenced rates of ALD and its complications and outcomes. We will describe global alcohol public health policy frameworks, review key alcohol policy models, describe existing notable policies and their impacts, and highlight gaps in ALD policy literature where further research and policy interventions could reduce rates mortality from ALD.

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Integrated and collaborative care across the spectrum of alcohol-associated liver disease and alcohol use disorder.

Here, we review the role of AUD care in ALD treatment, the effects of AUD treatment on liver-related outcomes, the impact of comorbid conditions such as other substance use disorders, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, the current landscape of integrated and collaborative care for ALD and AUD in various treatment settings. We further review knowledge gaps and unmet needs that remain, including the role of precision medicine, the application of harm reduction approaches, the impact of health disparities, the need for additional AUD treatment options as well as further efforts to support implementation and dissemination.

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Performance of spleen stiffness measurement to rule out high-risk varices in patients with porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder.

This study gathering a total of 309 PSVD patients showed that SSM-VCTE ≤40 kPa combined with bilirubin <1 mg/dL identifies patients with PSVD and portal hypertension with a probability of HRV <5%, in whom screening endoscopy can be spared.

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Reduction of Z alpha-1 antitrypsin polymers in human iPSC-hepatocytes and mice by LRRK2 inhibitors.

Mechanistically, this effect was achieved through induction of autophagy. Our findings support the use of CZC-25146 and LRRK2 inhibitors in hepatic proteinopathy research and their further investigation as novel therapeutic candidates for A1ATD.

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Role of Point-of-Care ultrasound (POCUS) in clinical hepatology.

Renal ultrasound can identify renal and post-renal causes of AKI and aid in diagnosis of pre-renal AKI through volume assessment. In this review, we address the principles and methods of POCUS in hospitalized patients and in outpatients with cirrhosis and discuss the application of this diverse modality in clinical hepatology.

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J Hepatol

Differing genetic variants associated with liver fat and their contrasting relationships with cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

This study provides fresh insight into the heterogeneous effect of liver fat on health outcomes. It challenges the notion that liver fat per se is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, underscoring the dependency of this association on the specific mechanisms that drive fat accumulation in the liver. However, excess liver fat, regardless of how achieved, appears to be causally linked to liver cirrhosis and cancers in a dose dependent manner. Impact and implication This research advances our understanding of the heterogeneity in mechanisms influencing liver fat accumulation, providing new insights into how liver fat accumulation may impact various health outcomes. The findings challenge the notion that liver fat is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and highlight the mechanistic effect of some genetic variants on fat accumulation and the development of cardiovascular diseases. This study is of particular importance for healthcare professionals including physicians and researchers as well as patients as it allows for more targeted and personalised treatment by understanding the relationship between liver fat and various health outcomes. The findings emphasise the need for a personalised management approach and a reshaping of risk assessment criteria. It also provides room for prioritising a clinical intervention aimed at reducing liver fat content (likely by intentional weight loss, however, achieved) that could help protect against liver related fibrosis and cancer.

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Histological predictors of aggressive recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection.

The presence of mVI/S was the only independent risk factor for aggressive recurrence and mortality. This has important implications for early-stage patient management, especially in the setting of adjuvant immunotherapy or ab initio LT.

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Metabolic phenotyping of patients with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease for better characterization of Cirrhosis Regression.

We identified and validated a group of lipid biomarkers associated with regression of fibrosis that could be used as non-invasive biomarker for detecting regression of fibrosis in cACLD.

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Neuropilin-1 is a novel host factor modulating the entry of hepatitis B virus.

Our findings indicate that NRP1 is a novel host factor for HBV infection, which interacts with preS1 and NTCP to modulate HBV entry into hepatocytes. Impact and implications HBV infection is a global public health problem, but the understanding of the early infection process of HBV remains limited. Through single-cell sequencing, we identified a novel host factor, NRP1, which modulates HBV entry by interacting with HBV preS1 and NTCP. Moreover, antagonists targeting NRP1 can inhibit HBV infection both in vitro and in vivo. This study could further advance our comprehension of the early infection process of HBV.

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Type-I interferon shapes peritoneal immunity in cirrhosis and drives caspase-5-mediated progranulin release upon infection.

Type-I IFN shapes peritoneal immune responses and regulates caspase-5-mediated progranulin release during SBP. Impact and implications Patients with cirrhosis exhibit impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. This study reveals that type-I interferon responses, triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, are crucial in regulating macrophage activation and priming them for inflammatory responses. Additionally, we elucidate the mechanisms by which type-I interferons promote the release of progranulin from macrophages during spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Our findings enhance understanding of how bacterial translocation affects immune responses, identify novel biomarkers for inflammasome activation during infections, and point to potential therapeutic targets.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Disorders of gut-brain interaction-Don't forget the older person.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Editorial on FODMAPs in IBS: Revisiting Restriction.

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Endoscopy

ESGE and Social Media in the 21st Century.

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Visualized biliary cannulation during ERCP: do we really need it?

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Gastroenterology

Deconstructing the "pain" points when considering the impact of Brain Gut Behavior Therapies on IBS.

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Targeting the IL-23 Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Furthermore, we address available data on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of IL-23-specific p19-inhibitors in the treatment of IBD and discuss important studies performed in other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Finally, we evaluate the potential for combining classes of biological therapies and provide future directions on the development of precision medicine-guided positioning of IL-23p19 inhibitors in IBD.

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The dark side of human hepatocyte plasticity.

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Gut

Interplay between gut microbiome, host genetic and epigenetic modifications in MASLD and MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

In this review, we summarise the effects of gut microbiome, host genetics and epigenetic alterations in MASLD and MASLD-HCC. We further discuss research findings demonstrating the bidirectional impacts between gut microbiome and host genetics/epigenetics, emphasising the significance of this interconnection in MASLD prevention and treatment.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Features of Gastrointestinal Strongyloidiasis Hyperinfection: Endoscopy and Histopathology.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

First Report of Tirzepatide Hepatotoxicity with Jaundice.

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Endoscopy

Clofazimine enteropathy: a case of pigmentation of the whole small intestine caused by clofazimine.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Combined endoscopic management of a postoperative rectocutaneous fistula after cystectomy using modified percutaneous endofistular and transanal endoluminal vacuum therapy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Considerations and prospects for validating a machine learning-based choledocholithiasis prediction model.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endoscopic management of long-standing rectovaginal fistula caused by foreign bodies.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Endoscopic treatment of a large Brunner's gland hamartoma in the duodenum.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage for infected biloma using a unique long-type balloon catheter.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

First clinical application of a novel duodenal mucosal ablation device for type 2 diabetes using radiofrequency vapor ablation.

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First report of opportunistic screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma by gastroscopy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Hemicircumferential rectal endoscopic submucosal dissection combining multitraction and scope-dependent traction strategies.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Into the pancreas: an underwater world filled with an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm seen via peroral pancreatoscopy.

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Ligation-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection combined with preloaded sutures for tiny mesenchymal tumors of the gastric fundus.

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Malignant gastric outlet obstruction: direct biopsy in the submucosal tunnel to obtain the diagnosis.

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Pancreatic duct occlusion after endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural pancreatic duct drainage: a pitfall and its rescue technique.

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Successful prevention of balloon dilatation after complete circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection including long-segment Barrett's esophagus.

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Underwater coagulation using hybrid knife in peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Utility of uneven double-lumen catheter for difficult guidewire manipulation in endoscopic ultrasonography-guided pancreaticogastrostomy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Visualized biliary cannulation during ERCP: future trends.

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Gastroenterology

A curious case of cholestatic liver injury.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

A rare cause of hepatic mass with high metabolic activity and jaundice.

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An Unusual Cause of Acute Liver Failure Diagnosed on Organ Explant in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis.

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An Unusual Cause of Chronic Epigastric Pain After Endoscopic Mucosal Resection.

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Beyond the Norm: epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome and mental health among sexual and gender-diverse young adults in a large representative cohort.

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Gastro Digest Summary title: Resmetirom for NASH.

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Novel migratory hepatocyte population contributes to liver regeneration in acute liver injury.

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Stool-based and Blood-based Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests: New Evidence within Current Context.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Training in Advanced Endoscopy: Current Status and Future Directions.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastrointest Endosc

Adenomyoma of the Ileum: A Rare Etiology of Abdominopelvic Pain.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

An Unusual Presentation of Necrotizing Pancreatitis.

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An aberrant growth post-endoscopic submucosal dissection: a recurrence?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Cholangioscopic removal of complicated biliary stones aided by a metal stent extending from gallbladder to duodenal papilla(with video).

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Confocal laser endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type.

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Magnetic compression anastomosis for treatment of malignant complete esophageal stricture (with video).

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Patient and Procedural Factors associated with True Histology Rates in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy with Computer Aided Detection of Polyps.

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Penetrating injury and retained toothpick causing bleeding from esophageal varix.

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Prospective, single-arm multicenter, international, observational post-market study to assess the safety and efficacy of a triangulation platform for treating patients requiring endoscopic gastroplasty.

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Regression of a Rectal Lesion in a Patient With Lynch Syndrome After Treatment With Pembrolizumab.

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The complication of the procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoids: A rare case of anastomotic diverticulum with a giant fecaloma.

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Titanium clip combined with rubber band assisted ERCP cannulation of a hidden papilla within duodenal diverticula.

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Top Tips for Pneumatic Dilation of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter.

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Trends in Endoscopic Training: The Impact of Subspecialization and Productivity-based Compensation on GI Fellowships.

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Tuberculosis presenting as a gastric subepithelial tumor: truly a great masquerade.

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Ultrasonic contrast with miniprobe EUS: A case report.

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Hepatology

Bridging the gap: A new tool to down select HCV vaccine candidates.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Is curcumin the new kid on the block for the treatment of MASH?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the Editor: Refining retrieval and chunking strategies for enhanced clinical reliability of large language models in liver disease.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply: Refining retrieval and chunking strategies for enhanced clinical reliability of large language models in liver disease.

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Reversal of lipid metabolism as a therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma.

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To recover or not to recover from ACLF: Ask the monocytes.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Letter: Helicobacter pylori and metabolic syndrome-related von Willebrand factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity levels for outcome prediction of advanced chronic liver disease.

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Letter: Helicobacter pylori and metabolic syndrome-related von Willebrand factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity levels for outcome prediction of advanced chronic liver disease: Authors' reply.

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Letter: Over-the-scope clips in patients at high risk of re-bleeding following upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding-The magic bullet for everyone?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: Over-the-scope clips in patients at high risk of rebleeding following upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding-The magic bullet for everyone? Authors' reply.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Correction to: The Role of Food in the Treatment of Bowel Disorders: Focus on Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Constipation.

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Endoscopy

Comments on "Novel strategy of hold-and-drag clip closure with mantis-like claw for post-gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection defect of <30 mm".

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Response to Zhong et al.

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Gastroenterology

Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome recovers completely when the use of cannabis or synthetic cannabinoids is permanently discontinued-cyclic vomiting syndrome does not.

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Comments on AGA Clinical Practice Update on Diagnosis and Management of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome.

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Gut

Porcine-derived pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy: a cause of hepatitis E virus transmission?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

J Hepatol

A consensus definition for ACLF- The need of the hour?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Frequent Use of Machine Perfusion Enables Utilization of Higher-Risk DCD Livers in the United States: Are We There Yet?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Inclusive healthcare in light of the new MASLD guidelines: Should people living with HIV be screened for liver fibrosis?

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MetALD accounts for a large part of what we call MASLD!

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The association between primary hypobetalipoproteinemia and hepatic Diseases: evidence from genetic studies.

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